There are many causes of Xerosis commonly known as dry skin. Frequent bathing or showering with harsh soaps can dry out the skin. In the most severe cases the skin can crack or peel. Dry skin is more frequent and pronounced in the winter because the skin looses it moisture.
The dreaded hangnail is also the result of dry skin. Tearing and ripping at a hangnail can cause bleeding and infection. Instead gently trim the dead skin with a nail clipper and use antibiotic to prevent infection in case of a skin tear.
Emollients and moisturizers help soften and reduce dry skin by replenishing the skin’s natural moisture. They help reduce loss of moisture by providing a barrier of oil on the skin’s surface preventing water loss.
Moisturizers fall into 4 main categories, ointments, oils, lotions, creams. Ointment moisturizers are the most effective but leave a heavy greasy feel. An ointment moisturizer will trap moisture in the skin for example Vaseline petroleum jelly. Cream and lotion moisturizers are of a lighter texture, less greasy and are effective like Eucerin, Nutraderm, and Lubriderm.
Baby Oil is an effective oil moisturizer a bit oily on the skin if not rubbed in thoroughly.
Many lotions include alcohol and may be less effective than ointment and oil moisturizers.
Shea Butter made from the Karite nut tree (Mangifolia Tree) has grown in popularity in recent years. It has been used to moisturize and help to heal burns.
Shea Butter contains vitamins A and E, which help promote healthy skin and reduce wrinkles
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Improper nutrition can contribute to dry skin such as insufficient intake of vitamins A and D.
Over or underexposure to sunlight and some medications also play a role in drying out the skin.
Drinking lots of water will help keep the skin hydrated. Physicians recommend 8 glasses a day.
Humidifiers help reduce dry skin caused by air conditioning and central heating.
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